The special leave benefit is granted to support the female employee so as to give her further means to afford her needs, may it be gynecological, physical, or psychological, for a holistic recuperation. The recovery period may be a trying time that she needs much assistance and compassion to regain her overall wellness.

(House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal v. Daisy Panga-Vega, G.R. No. 228236, January 27, 2021)

Life insurance refers to the insurance on human lives and insurance appertaining thereto or connected therewith. (Section 181, Insurance Code)

All other classes of insurance are considered non-life insurance. Non-life insurance, otherwise called general insurance, include property insurance, casualty insurance, compulsory insurance and microinsurance.

The employer must furnish the employee with two written notices before the termination of employment can be effected: (1) the first apprises the employee of the particular acts or omissions for which his dismissal is sought; and (2) the second informs the employee of the employer’s decision to dismiss him. (Foodbev International vs. Noli Ferrer, G.R. No. 206795, September 16, 2019)

The employer must furnish the employee with two written notices before the termination of employment can be effected: (1) the first apprises the employee of the particular acts or omissions for which his dismissal is sought; and (2) the second informs the employee of the employer’s decision to dismiss him. (Foodbev International vs. Noli Ferrer, G.R. No. 206795, September 16, 2019)

The Department of Migrant Workers (DMW), created by virtue of Republic Act No. 11641 or The Department of Migrant Workers Act, is an executive department in the Philippines tasked to protect the rights and promote the welfare of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs).

A worker’s employment is their property in a constitutional sense, and he/she cannot be deprived thereof without due process and unless the deprivation is commensurate to his/her acts and degree of moral depravity. (Verizon Communications Philippines vs. Lauren Margin, G.R. No. 216599, September 16, 2020)

An employer may terminate an employment for fraud and willful breach of trust. (Article 297, Labor Code)

An employee’s information regarding his whereabouts on the day he was on sick leave is not fraud and does not constitute a serious offense meriting the extreme penalty of dismissal. (HSBC v. NLRC and Emmanuel Meneses, G.R. No. 116542)

There are two classes of corporate positions of trust:

(1) The managerial employees whose primary duty consists of the management of the establishment in which they are employed or of a department or a subdivision thereof, and other officers or members of the managerial staff; and,

(2) The fiduciary rank-and-file employees, such as cashiers, auditors, property custodians, or those who, in the normal exercise of their functions, regularly handle significant amounts of money or property. These employees, though rank-and-file, are routinely charged with the care and custody of the employer’s money or property, and are thus classified as occupying positions of trust and confidence. (P.J. Lhuillier, Inc. vs. Velayo, G.R. No. 198620, November 12, 2014)