In all enclosed places that are open to the general public, private workplaces and other places not covered under the preceding section, where smoking may expose a person other than the smoker to tobacco smoke, the owner, proprietor, operator, possessor, manager or administrator of such places shall establish smoking and non-smoking areas. Such areas may include a designated smoking area within the building, which may be in an open space or separate area with proper ventilation, but shall not be located within the same room that has been designated as a non-smoking area.

There shall be no discrimination of any form against workers on the basis of Hepatitis B status consistent with international agreements on non-discrimination ratified by the Philippines (ILO C111).

Workers shall not be discriminated against, from pre- to post-employment, including hiring, promotion or assignment, because of their Hepatitis B status.

(Source: Rule III, Section C, par. 1 (a), DOLE Department Advisory No. 05, Series of 2010)

By the contract of partnership two or more persons bind themselves to contribute money, property, or industry to a common fund, with the intention of dividing the profits among themselves. (Article 1767, New Civil Code)

It is a well-settled principle that the exception to the limited liability doctrine applies when the damage is due to the fault of the shipowner or to the concurrent negligence of the shipowner and the captain. Where the shipowner fails to overcome the presumption of negligence, the doctrine of limited liability cannot be applied. (Aboitiz Shipping Corporation v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 121833, October 17, 2008)

If you are a project worker, your situation might differ from regular employees when it comes to separation pay.

 

In many cases, project workers are not entitled to separation pay when their job ends because the completion of the project or a phase of it is seen as the natural end of their employment.

In case of private school teachers, those who have served the probationary period shall be made regular or permanent.

 

Full-time teachers who have satisfactorily completed their probationary period shall be considered regular or permanent. (Section 93, 1992 Manual of Regulations for Private Schools)

 

A part-time employee would not attain permanent status no matter how long he had served the school. (De La Salle Araneta University v. Juanito Bernardo, G.R. No. 190809, February 13, 2017)

The shipowner and the ship agent shall be civilly liable for the acts of the captain and for the obligations contracted by the latter to repair, equip, and provision the vessel, provided the creditor proves that the amount claimed was invested for the benefit of the same. (Article 586, Civil Code)

The handbook for overseas Filipino workers shall be created and issued to every land-based and sea-based worker free of charge. It shall serve as a ready reference for migrant workers when they need to assert their rights and responsibilities. It shall also deal with key issues that they need to know in order to maintain decent employment conditions overseas. (Section 2, Republic Act No. 11227)

The prescriptive period to file a complaint for illegal dismissal is four years from the time the cause of action accrued.

An action for illegal dismissal or when one is arbitrarily and unjustly deprived of his job or means of livelihood is essentially a complaint for “injury of rights”, which falls under Article 1146 of the Civil Code of the Philippines. (Jimmy Gallego v. Wallem Maritime Service, Inc., G.R. No. 216440, February 19, 2020)

Under the Article 1146 of the Civil Code, an action upon injury to the rights of the plaintiff must be instituted within four (4) years. (Article 1146, Civil Code)