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The Supreme Court decides: Letting customers listen to a short 20-second sample of a ringtone before buying does not violate copyright laws.

The doctrine of fair use allows the courts to deviate from strictly applying the copyright laws when their rigid application would stifle the creativity that they are designed to foster and when it would frustrate the State’s function to promote the diffusion of knowledge and information.

Revised Implementing Rules and Regulations of Article 234 [238] of the Labor Code of the Philippines, as amended

Pursuant to the constitutional mandate to promote the preferential use of voluntary modes of settling disputes, particularly conciliation-mediation, it is the intent and purpose of these Rules to continuously strengthen and institutionalize the Single Entry Approach (SEnA), with the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) and its Regional Offices, the National Conciliation and Mediation Board (NCMB) and its Regional Branches, and the National Labor Relations Commission (NLRC) and its Regional Arbitration Branches as the primary implementing agencies.

Is Suicide Covered by Life Insurance?

Section 183. The insurer in a life insurance contract shall be liable in case of suicide only when it is committed after the policy has been in force for a period of two (2) years from the date of its issue or of its last reinstatement, unless the policy provides a shorter period: Provided, however, That suicide committed in the state of insanity shall be compensable regardless of the date of commission.

Double Insurance vs. Over Insurance

Double insurance exists when the same person is insured by several insurers separately in respect to the same subject and interest. (Sec. 95, Amended Insurance Code of the Philippines)

There is over insurance if the insured takes out an insurance over the property insured in an amount which is in excess of the value of his insurable interest. (Aquino, Essentials of Insurance, 2018, p. 283)