Concealment is the neglect to communicate that which a party knows and ought to communicate. A concealment whether intentional or unintentional entitles the injured party to rescind a contract of insurance.

Hours worked shall include (a) all time during which an employee is required to be on duty or to be at a prescribed workplace; and (b) all time during which an employee is suffered or permitted to work.

The employer retains the management prerogative, whenever exigencies of the service so require, to change the working hours of its employees.

“No work, no pay” remains the basic factor in determining the employees’ wages and backwages.

In remunerative schemes consisting of a fixed or guaranteed wage plus commission, the fixed or guaranteed wage is patently the “basic salary” for this is what the employee receives for a standard work period.

General Rule: In appointing a beneficiary, the insured shall have the right to change the beneficiary he/she designated in the policy.

Exceptions: The appointment of beneficiary becomes irrevocable:

1) upon the insured’s death provided the insured does not change the designation during his lifetime; and

2) if the right to change the beneficiary is expressly waived in the policy.

In determining the existence of employer-employee relationship, the four-fold test or the two-tiered test may be applied.

The relationship between jeepney owners/operators on one hand and jeepney drivers on the other hand under the boundary system is that of employer-employee and not of lessor-lessee.

The existence of a vendor-vendee relationship between the operator and the driver under a boundary-hulog system which is essentially a contract to sell does not negate the existence of an employer-employee relationship.

Republic Act No. 10607 or the Insurance Code provides that “a contract of insurance is an agreement whereby one undertakes for a consideration to indemnify another against loss, damage or liability arising from an unknown or contingent event”

Proclamation No. 559, series of 2004 has amended Proclamation No. 235, series of 1951, which declared the period from February 3 to 9 of every year as the National Dental Health Week.

Pursuant to Proclamation No. 1400, series of 2007, the month of February of every year is declared as the National Health Insurance Month in the Philippines.

The “Cash and Carry” Rule provides that “notwithstanding any agreement to the contrary, no policy or contract of insurance issued by an insurance company is valid and binding unless and until the premium thereof has been paid.” (Section 77, Insurance Code)